The developing flow characteristics of water - ethylene glycol mixture based Fe3O4 nanofluids in eccentric annular ducts in low temperature applications

Natural circulation loops with double pipe heat exchangers at heating and cooling ends have a potential to be used in the refrigeration systems as an alternative suction line exchangers. The transfer capability of such natural depends on geometrical parameters well thermophysical properties working fluid. This study aims investigate effect water-ethylene glycol mixture based Fe3O4 nanofluids (0.01, 0.05 0.1 vol.%) annular flow propagation annuli exchanger low pressure side cycle. In addition increased non-dimensional velocity values due lower viscosity higher temperature expanded gradient, improved by shows that they can secondary fluids low-pressure systems. Although maximum transferred (13.6% improvement compared base fluid) observed for highest concentration, smallest concentration has minimum drop value (25% reduction performance evaluation criteria (PEC) (PEC = 1.08) tiny increase exergy destruction (1.45% fluid).